Quantum thermodynamics in adiabatic open systems and its trapped-ion experimental realization

Hu，Chang Kang1,2,3; Santos，Alan C.4; Cui，Jin Ming1,3; Huang，Yun Feng1,3; Soares-Pinto，Diogo O.5; Sarandy，Marcelo S.4; Li，Chuan Feng1,3; Guo，Guang Can1,3

2020-12-01

10.1038/s41534-020-00300-2

npj Quantum Information   影响因子和分区

2056-6387

2056-6387

Quantum thermodynamics aims at investigating both the emergence and the limits of the laws of thermodynamics from a quantum mechanical microscopic approach. In this scenario, thermodynamic processes with no heat exchange, namely, adiabatic transformations, can be implemented through quantum evolutions in closed systems, even though the notion of a closed system is always an idealization and approximation. Here, we begin by theoretically discussing thermodynamic adiabatic processes in open quantum systems, which evolve non-unitarily under decoherence due to its interaction with its surrounding environment. From a general approach for adiabatic non-unitary evolution, we establish heat and work in terms of the underlying Liouville superoperator governing the quantum dynamics. As a consequence, we derive the conditions that an adiabatic open-system quantum dynamics implies in the absence of heat exchange, providing a connection between quantum and thermal adiabaticity. Moreover, we determine families of decohering systems exhibiting the same maximal heat exchange, which imply in classes of thermodynamic adiabaticity in open systems. We then approach the problem experimentally using a hyperfine energy-level quantum bit of an Ytterbium Yb trapped ion, which provides a work substance for thermodynamic processes, allowing for the analysis of heat and internal energy throughout a controllable engineered dynamics.

SCI ; EI

英语

其他

National Key Research and Development Program of China[2017YFA0304100] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[11734015][11774335] ; Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies[AHY070000][AHY020100] ; Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation[1608085QA22] ; Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS[QYZDY-SSWSLH003] ; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[WK2470000026][WK2470000027][WK2470000028] ; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[2020M671861] ; CNPq-Brazil[303070/2016-1] ; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)[203036/2016] ; Brazilian funding agency CNPq[142350/2017-6][305201/2016-6] ; Brazilian funding agency FAPESP[2017/03727-0] ; CoordenacAo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES)[001] ; Brazilian National Institute for Science and Technology of Quantum Information [CNPq INCT-IQ][465469/2014-0]

Physics

Quantum Science & Technology ; Physics, Applied ; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical ; Physics, Condensed Matter

WOS:000563802000001

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

20203509111399

Quantum optics ; Heat exchangers ; Dynamics ; Thermodynamics

Heat Exchange Equipment and Components:616.1 ; Thermodynamics:641.1 ; Light/Optics:741.1 ; Atomic and Molecular Physics:931.3 ; Quantum Theory; Quantum Mechanics:931.4

2-s2.0-85089873783

Scopus

1.CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,230026,China
2.Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
3.CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,230026,China
4.Instituto de Física,Universidade Federal Fluminense,Niterói,Av. Gal. Milton Tavares de Souza s/n, Gragoatá,24210-346,Brazil
5.Instituto de Física de São Carlos,São Carlos,Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369,13560-970,Brazil

Hu，Chang Kang,Santos，Alan C.,Cui，Jin Ming,et al. Quantum thermodynamics in adiabatic open systems and its trapped-ion experimental realization[J]. npj Quantum Information,2020,6(1).

Hu，Chang Kang.,Santos，Alan C..,Cui，Jin Ming.,Huang，Yun Feng.,Soares-Pinto，Diogo O..,...&Guo，Guang Can.(2020).Quantum thermodynamics in adiabatic open systems and its trapped-ion experimental realization.npj Quantum Information,6(1).

Hu，Chang Kang,et al."Quantum thermodynamics in adiabatic open systems and its trapped-ion experimental realization".npj Quantum Information 6.1(2020).