The diversity of post-transcriptional gene silencing mediated by small silencing RNAs in plants

Tan，Huijuan1,2,3; Li，Bosheng1,2; Guo，Hongwei1,2

2020-12-07

10.1042/EBC20200006

Essays in Biochemistry   影响因子和分区

0071-1365

1744-1358

In plants, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) tightly regulates development, maintains genome stability and protects plant against foreign genes. PTGS can be triggered by virus infection, transgene, and endogenous transcript, thus commonly serves as an RNA-based immune mechanism. Accordingly, based on the initiating factors, PTGS can be divided into viral-PTGS, transgene-PTGS, and endo-gene-PTGS. Unlike the intensely expressed invading transgenes and viral genes that frequently undergo PTGS, most endogenous genes do not trigger PTGS, except for a few that can produce endogenous small RNAs (sRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Different lengths of miRNA and siRNA, mainly 21-, 22- or 24-nucleotides (nt) exert diverse functions, ranging from target mRNA degradation, translational inhibition, or DNA methylation and chromatin modifications. The abundant 21-nt miRNA or siRNA, processed by RNase-III enzyme DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1) and DCL4, respectively, have been well studied in the PTGS pathways. By contrast, the scarceness of endogenous 22-nt sRNAs that are primarily processed by DCL2 limits their research, although a few encouraging studies have been reported recently. Therefore, we review here our current understanding of diverse PTGS pathways triggered by a variety of sRNAs and summarize the distinct features of the 22-nt sRNA mediated PTGS.

22-nt siRNA AGOs DCLs PTGS RDRs small RNA

英语

第一 ; 通讯

2-s2.0-85097578760

Scopus

1.Institute of Plant and Food Science,Department of Biology,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
2.Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
3.Institute for Advanced Studies,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072,China

Tan，Huijuan,Li，Bosheng,Guo，Hongwei. The diversity of post-transcriptional gene silencing mediated by small silencing RNAs in plants[J]. Essays in Biochemistry,2020,64(6):919-930.

Tan，Huijuan,Li，Bosheng,&Guo，Hongwei.(2020).The diversity of post-transcriptional gene silencing mediated by small silencing RNAs in plants.Essays in Biochemistry,64(6),919-930.

Tan，Huijuan,et al."The diversity of post-transcriptional gene silencing mediated by small silencing RNAs in plants".Essays in Biochemistry 64.6(2020):919-930.