Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and formation of the Bose polaron

Skou, Magnus G.1; Skov, Thomas G.1; Jorgensen, Nils B.1; Nielsen, Kristian K.1; Camacho-Guardian, Arturo1; Pohl, Thomas1; Bruun, Georg M.1,2,3; Arlt, Jan J.1

2021-02-01

10.1038/s41567-021-01184-5

Nature Physics   影响因子和分区

1745-2473

1745-2481

Advancing our understanding of non-equilibrium phenomena in quantum many-body systems remains one of the greatest challenges in physics. Here we report on the experimental observation of a paradigmatic many-body problem, namely the non-equilibrium dynamics of a quantum impurity immersed in a bosonic environment(1,2). We use an interferometric technique to prepare coherent superposition states of atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate with a small impurity-state component, and monitor the evolution of such quantum superpositions into polaronic quasiparticles. These results offer a systematic picture of polaron formation(3-7) from weak to strong impurity interactions. They reveal three distinct regimes of evolution with dynamical transitions that provide a link between few-body processes and many-body dynamics. Our measurements reveal universal dynamical behaviour in interacting many-body systems and demonstrate new pathways to study non-equilibrium quantum phenomena.

SCI ; EI

英语

NI论文

其他

Danish National Research Foundation through the Center of Excellence 'CCQ'[DNRF156]

Physics

Physics, Multidisciplinary

WOS:000621734600004

NATURE RESEARCH

20210910013770

Bose-Einstein condensation ; Interferometry ; Polarons ; Semiconductor quantum wells

Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Circuits:714.2 ; Classical Physics; Quantum Theory; Relativity:931 ; Crystal Lattice:933.1.1 ; Optical Variables Measurements:941.4

Web of Science

1.Aarhus Univ, Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, Dept Phys & Astron, Aarhus, Denmark
2.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Shenzhen Inst Quantum Sci & Engn, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
3.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Shenzhen, Peoples R China

Skou, Magnus G.,Skov, Thomas G.,Jorgensen, Nils B.,et al. Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and formation of the Bose polaron[J]. Nature Physics,2021,17:731-735.

Skou, Magnus G..,Skov, Thomas G..,Jorgensen, Nils B..,Nielsen, Kristian K..,Camacho-Guardian, Arturo.,...&Arlt, Jan J..(2021).Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and formation of the Bose polaron.Nature Physics,17,731-735.

Skou, Magnus G.,et al."Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and formation of the Bose polaron".Nature Physics 17(2021):731-735.