复配药剂对高灰低阶煤泥浮选效果及机理研究

THE INTERACTION MECHANISM AND FLOTATION PERFORMANCE OF MIXTURE REAGENT ON THE HIGH-ASH COAL SLIME

张典

11930438

硕士

材料工程

刘科

2021-05-17

2021-06-07

南方科技大学

深圳

长期以来，煤炭资源在我国能源结构中占据重要地位。然而，在处理煤炭资源过程中，随着技术的进步与环保的要求，固体废弃物煤泥的比例不断提高，煤泥大量堆积不仅带来环境污染，也造成资源的浪费。开发利用高效的分离技术回收煤泥中的可燃体是煤炭资源清洁高效利用的重点和难点。本文选择高灰低阶的巴彦淖尔煤泥作为研究对象，通过浮选试验筛选对其有效的新型复配捕收剂，并分析经济效益，然后用DLS测试、Zeta电位测试以及接触角测量等方法研究复配药剂促进浮选的作用机理。 巴彦淖尔煤泥性质分析结果表明，巴彦淖尔煤泥灰分Ad为48.07%，含氧量Odaf为10.08%。高于1.8 g/cm3密度级的组分占54.47%、灰分为73.00%。XRD和XRF分析结果表明，巴彦淖尔煤泥中主要脉石矿物有石英、石膏、高岭石、白云石等。大量的脉石矿物不仅增加分离难度和药剂成本，同时也恶化精煤品质。 因此，本文以复配药剂作为捕收剂，探究其对巴彦淖尔煤泥浮选效果。通过常用表面活性剂OP-10、Tween-80、Brij-35、Span-80、SDS、SDBS及CTAB与煤油复配，由于表面活性剂种类和用量的差异，得到不同性质的复配药剂。浮选试验结果表明，煤油与Span-80的复配药剂Ksp药剂浮选效果较好。进一步优化Ksp药剂复配成Ksp6-6乳液，浮选试验表明优化后的复配药剂能有效降低药剂用量和增加浮选可燃体回收率。当Ksp6-6乳液用量为4000 g/t时，经一粗两精浮选流程，可得Ad为17.62%，硫分Sad为0.91%的浮选精煤。对比同等用量的煤油，Ksp6-6乳液能提高可燃体回收率10%，降低药剂成本2.42元/kg，可作为巴彦淖尔煤泥工业利用的高效捕收剂。 对Ksp6-6乳液促进巴彦淖尔煤泥浮选机理进行探究。DLS测试结果表明，Ksp6-6乳液使得矿浆中油滴粒径小，分散性好。Ksp6-6处理后的煤样，Zeta电位绝对值降低，利于浮选。接触角测量结果表明，Ksp6-6提高了煤表面疏水性。

For a long time, coal resources have occupied an important position in Chinese energy structure. However, in the process of processing coal resources, with the advancement of technology and environmental protection requirements, the proportion of solid waste slime continues to increase. The massive accumulation of slime not only causes environmental pollution, but also wastes resources. The development and utilization of efficient separation technology to recover combustibles in coal slime is the focus and difficulty of the clean and efficient utilization of coal resources. This paper selects Bayannaoer coal slime as the research object, which was high ash and low grade. Through flotation test to screen the effective new compound collector, and analyze the economic benefits, and then use Methods (DLS test, Zeta potential test and contact angle measurement) to study the mechanism of compound reagents to promote flotation. The analysis results of the properties of Bayannaoer coal slime show that the ash content of Bayannaoer coal slime is 48.07%, and the oxygen content Odaf is 10.08%. Density levels higher than 1.8 g/cm3 accounted for 54.47%, and the ash content was 73.00%. XRD and XRF analysis results show that the mineral content in Bayannaoer coal slime veins is very high. Therefore, this paper uses the compound agent as a collector to explore its effect on Bayannaoer slime flotation. Commonly used surfactants (OP-10, Tween-80, Brij-35, Span-80, SDS, SDBS or CTAB) are compounded with kerosene. Due to the difference in surfactant types and dosages, compound agents of different properties are obtained. The flotation test results show that the compound agent Ksp of kerosene and Span-80 has a better flotation effect. The Ksp agent was further optimized to be compounded into Ksp6-6 emulsion. The flotation test showed that the optimized compound agent can effectively reduce the dosage of the agent and increase the recovery rate of flotation combustibles. When the dosage of Ksp6-6 emulsion is 4000 g/t, after one coarse and two fine flotation processes, a flotation clean coal with Ad of 17.62% and a sulfur content of 0.91% can be obtained. Compared with the same amount of kerosene, Ksp6-6 emulsion can increase the recovery rate of combustibles by 10% and reduce the cost of chemicals by 2.42 ￥/kg. It can be used as a high-efficiency collector for the industrial use of Bayannaoer coal slime. The mechanism of Ksp6-6 emulsion promoting Bayannaoer slime flotation has been explored. DLS test results show that Ksp6-6 emulsion makes the oil droplets in the slurry smaller and good in dispersion. The absolute value of the Zeta potential of the coal sample treated with Ksp6-6 is reduced, which is beneficial to flotation. The contact angle measurement results show that Ksp6-6 improves the hydrophobicity of the coal surface.

煤泥 复配药剂 浮选 DLS Zeta电位

slime compound reagent flotation DLS Zeta potential

中文

独立培养

南方科技大学

张典. 复配药剂对高灰低阶煤泥浮选效果及机理研究[D]. 深圳. 南方科技大学,2021.