Functional analysis of Ras suppressor 1, prohibitin and hemicentin in the reproductive system of Caenorhabditis elegans

王鑫焱

11553003

博士

生物医学

谢宇聪,葛伟

2020-06-08

2020-06-25

澳门大学

澳门

The reproductive system of Caenorhabditis elegans consists of two parts: egglayingapparatus and gonad. Both of two parts are well-established in tissue models forfundamental cellular mechanism studies including cell morphology, cell adhesion, andcell division.The vulval muscle in the egg-laying apparatus is smooth muscle which lackssarcomere. Therefore, vulval muscle must counteract the mechanical stress from cellshapedistortion by maintaining cytoskeletal integrity during egg extrusion. However,the underlying mechanisms of cytoskeleton regulation remain largely unknown. In thethird chapter of thesis study, we demonstrated that (1) RSU-1RSU-1 inhibits RasLET-60activity in vulval muscle, and (2) compared with the control cells, the subcellularlocalization of a-actininATN-1 were altered in the loss of RSU-1RSU-1 and in thehyperactive RasLET-60 mutant. These results suggested RSU-1RSU-1 maintains theintegrity of the vulval muscle cell by regulating a-actininATN-1, probably through Ras.Although vulval morphology and germline structure of gonad required prohibitin-2PHB-2, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Our genetic and FRAP data showedthat prohibitin-2PHB-2 regulates vulval cell fusion and uterus development not vulvalcell proliferation and migration during vulval morphogenesis. On the other hand, inthe fifth chapter, we also observed that the depletion of prohibitin-2PHB-2 reduces thesize of the rachis. Prohibitin-2PHB-2 is required for the rachis structure in germline byregulating organization and mobility of F-actin and NYM-2 network.In the sixth chapter, we have focused on the mitotic division of germ cells. Thesecells undergo well-studied mitotic division, in which contractile ring constrict tosegregate genetic material equally into two daughter cells. My colleague and I found that extracellular matrix protein, HIM-4, acts upstream of anillin (ANI-1) to thecleavage furrow constriction rate of dividing germ cells. HIM-4 localizes at thecleavage plane during anaphase and promotes ANI-1 recruitment. These resultsdemonstrated that HIM-4 regulates ANI-1 in contractile ring formation in germlinedevelopment.This thesis investigates the functions of RSU-1RSU-1, prohibitin-2PHB-2, and HIM-4in the C. elegans reproductive system, which are important for extruding eggs andproducing the mature gametes.

Reproductive system RSU-1 LET-60/Ras PHB-2/Prohibitin HIM-4 Cytokinesis

英语

联合培养

南方科技大学

Wang XY. Functional analysis of Ras suppressor 1, prohibitin and hemicentin in the reproductive system of Caenorhabditis elegans[D]. 澳门. 澳门大学,2020.