Changes in Glacial Meltwater Runoff and Its Response to Climate Change in the Tianshan Region Detected Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Satellite Remote Sensing

Wufu, Adilai1; Chen, Yun2; Yang, Shengtian1,3; Lou, Hezhen3; Wang, Pengfei3,4; Li, Chaojun3; Wang, Juan5; Ma, Ligang1,2

2021-07-01

10.3390/w13131753

WATER   影响因子和分区

2073-4441

The Tianshan Mountains, known as the "water tower" of Central Asia, are the major source of water for the most part of Xinjiang and oasis region of Central Asia. However, climate warming has amplified the discharges of glacial meltwater in the Tianshan Mountains. In this study, we calculated river discharge by integrating cross-sections mapped using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and water velocity data collected in the field. Multiple remote sensing images, such as Landsat and Sentinel-2 imagery, were applied to estimate the long-term discharge of 19 river sections in ungauged regions of the Tianshan Mountains. River discharge variations under climate change were also examined. Using our in-situ measured discharges as reference, the UAV derived discharge results have an NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency) of 0.98, an RMSE (root mean square error) of 8.49 m(3)/s, and an average qualification rate of 80%. The monthly discharge of glacial meltwater-dominated river sections showed an average decrease of 2.46% during 1989-2019. The shrinking and even disappearance of mountain glaciers (approximately -4.98 km(2)/year) was the main reasons for the decrease trend. However, the precipitation-dominated river sections showed an average increase of 2.27% for the same period. The increase in precipitation (approximately 1.93 mm/year) was the key cause for the increase tendency. This study highlights remote sensing hydrological station technology and its application in the long-term prediction of river discharge, which is critical for decision-making regarding integrated water resource management in alpine regions.

climate change discharge remote sensing hydrological station river section trend

SCI ; EI

英语

其他

National Natural Science Foundation of China["Nos.U1603241",41661079]

Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Water Resources

Environmental Sciences ; Water Resources

WOS:000672025400001

MDPI

20212810611554

Antennas ; Decision making ; Glacial geology ; Landforms ; Mean square error ; Remote sensing ; Rivers ; Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) ; Water management ; Water towers

Atmospheric Properties:443.1 ; Water Supply Systems:446.1 ; Geology:481.1 ; Aircraft, General:652.1 ; Management:912.2 ; Mathematical Statistics:922.2

Web of Science

1.Xinjiang Univ, Coll Resource & Environm Sci, Urumqi 830046, Peoples R China
2.CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
3.Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Water Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
4.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518000, Peoples R China
5.Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Fac Geog Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China

Wufu, Adilai,Chen, Yun,Yang, Shengtian,et al. Changes in Glacial Meltwater Runoff and Its Response to Climate Change in the Tianshan Region Detected Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Satellite Remote Sensing[J]. WATER,2021,13(13).

Wufu, Adilai.,Chen, Yun.,Yang, Shengtian.,Lou, Hezhen.,Wang, Pengfei.,...&Ma, Ligang.(2021).Changes in Glacial Meltwater Runoff and Its Response to Climate Change in the Tianshan Region Detected Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Satellite Remote Sensing.WATER,13(13).

Wufu, Adilai,et al."Changes in Glacial Meltwater Runoff and Its Response to Climate Change in the Tianshan Region Detected Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Satellite Remote Sensing".WATER 13.13(2021).