Tectonic and paleoceanographic conditions during the formation of ferromanganese nodules from the northern South China Sea based on the high-resolution geochemistry, mineralogy and isotopes

Zhong, Yi1,2,3,4; Liu, Qingsong2,7; Chen, Zhong1; Javier Gonzalez, Francisco5; Hein, James R.6; Zhang, Jian3; Zhong, Lifeng8

2019-04

10.1016/j.margeo.2018.12.006

MARINE GEOLOGY   影响因子和分区

0025-3227

1872-6151

Deep-water ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) nodules cumulate trace elements from the underlying sediment pore-water and seawater during the concentric mineral layers' growth process over millions of years. They can record long-term tectonic movements and paleoceanographic changes. To systematically ascertain paleoceanographic evolution of the deep South China Sea (SCS) since the last 3.2 Ma, we comprehensively investigated microstructure, mineralogy, geochemical element concentrations as well as Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions in the Fe-Mn nodules nearby the Dongsha Islands in the northern SCS. Results indicate that these deposits were formed in a continental marginal environment by a mixture of diagenetic and hydrogenetic processes. Overall, the studied nodules can be divided into three stages with different microstructures and chemical compositions, which indicate different formation environments. Stage la is the innermost and oldest layer with a porous mottled texture, and has the lowest Mn/Fe ratio, Cu, Ni and Zn, which implies comparatively high oxidization conditions. In contrast, the Mn mineralogy of Stage 2 shows conditions similar to those of buserite formed under less oxidative conditions. Between Stage la and 2, Stage 1b represents a mixture of Stage la and 2 and has in homogeneous growth structures. Based on the Nd and Sr isotopic composition of the detrital phases and Pb isotopes, three potential terrigenous source regions including South China, Luzon and Taiwan that discharge into the northern SCS from 3.2 Ma to 1.06 Ma. After 1.06 Ma, the terrigenous fraction in the Fe-Mn deposits on the northern slope of the SCS is a two end-members mixture of fluvial input from Taiwan Islands and eolian dusts from the Chinese loess. Our study indicates that SCS bottom water variation occurred at similar to 3.2 Ma, 2.1 Ma, and 1.06 Ma, respectively, which could be attributed to global cooling and the influence of Luzon arc-forearc uplift.

Paleoceanography Closure of gateway Pacific Deep Water Radiogenic isotopes Northern Hemisphere Glaciation Northern South China Sea

SCI ; EI

英语

其他

State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University[MGK1826]

Geology ; Oceanography

Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Oceanography

WOS:000460716000012

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

20190506453081

Binary alloys ; Deposits ; Ferroalloys ; Geochemistry ; Glacial geology ; Iron ores ; Isotopes ; Lutetium compounds ; Manganese deposits ; Mixtures ; Neodymium ; Strontium alloys ; Tectonics ; Textures ; Trace elements ; Underwater mineralogy

Water Treatment Techniques:445.1 ; Oceanography, General:471.1 ; Geology:481.1 ; Geochemistry:481.2 ; Light Metal Mines:504.1 ; Iron:545.1 ; Iron Alloys:545.2 ; Rare Earth Metals:547.2 ; Alkaline Earth Metals:549.2

GEOSCIENCES

Web of Science

1.Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, CAS Key Lab Ocean & Marginal Sea Geol, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China
2.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Ocean Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China
3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
4.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Marine Geol & Environm, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China
5.Geol Survey Spain IGME, Marine Geol Dv, Madrid 28003, Spain
6.US Geol Survey, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA
7.Qingdao Natl Oceanog Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Geol, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China
8.Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Marine Sci, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China

Zhong, Yi,Liu, Qingsong,Chen, Zhong,et al. Tectonic and paleoceanographic conditions during the formation of ferromanganese nodules from the northern South China Sea based on the high-resolution geochemistry, mineralogy and isotopes[J]. MARINE GEOLOGY,2019,410:146-163.

Zhong, Yi.,Liu, Qingsong.,Chen, Zhong.,Javier Gonzalez, Francisco.,Hein, James R..,...&Zhong, Lifeng.(2019).Tectonic and paleoceanographic conditions during the formation of ferromanganese nodules from the northern South China Sea based on the high-resolution geochemistry, mineralogy and isotopes.MARINE GEOLOGY,410,146-163.

Zhong, Yi,et al."Tectonic and paleoceanographic conditions during the formation of ferromanganese nodules from the northern South China Sea based on the high-resolution geochemistry, mineralogy and isotopes".MARINE GEOLOGY 410(2019):146-163.