Teleseismic Waveform Complexities Caused by Near Trench Structures and Their Impacts on Earthquake Source Study: Application to the 2015 Illapel Aftershocks (Central Chile)

Qian, Yunyi1,2,3; Wei, Shengji1,4; Wu, Wenbo5; Zeng, Hongyu1; Coudurier-Curveur, Aurelie1; Ni, Sidao6

2019-01

10.1029/2018JB016143

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH   影响因子和分区

2169-9313

2169-9356

The complex near trench velocity structures, characterized by strongly varying bathymetry along with seawater, can produce substantial waveform complexities for near trench earthquakes, which makes it difficult to study earthquake source parameters through waveform modeling/inversion. Here we explore these wavefield complexities via modeling teleseismic records of a Mw6.6 near coast event and a Mw6.8 near trench event in the 2015 Illapel earthquake sequence. For the near coast event, the waveforms of direct P waves at teleseismic/diffracted distances are simple, and we obtain consistent source parameters between 1D regional and teleseismic waveform inversions. In contrast, the near trench event produces stronger and longer P coda waves (>100s), resulting in many dramatic discrepancies between the regional and teleseismic inversions, in particular for the centroid depth. We adopt a spectral element method-direct solution method hybrid approach to simulate synthetics with the complex source-side 3-D structures (bathymetry and water layer in this case) and investigate their roles in the genesis of strong P coda waves. Compared with the 1- and 2-D synthetics, the 3-D synthetics significantly improve the waveform fits up to 0.1Hz when the source is placed at the preferred horizontal (similar to 30km from the trench axis) and vertical (similar to 5km beneath the ocean bottom) location. The refined location of the earthquake indicates that the plate interface is probably locked at very shallow depths and capable of nucleating strong earthquakes. We highlight the need for considering near trench 3-D structures in seismic waveform analysis of near trench earthquakes, many of which are tsunamigenic.

SCI

英语

NI论文

其他

Earth Observatory of Singapore[M443B50000]

Geochemistry & Geophysics

Geochemistry & Geophysics

WOS:000459758900045

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION

GEOSCIENCES

Web of Science

1.Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
2.Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China
3.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
4.Nanyang Technol Univ, Asian Sch Environm, Singapore, Singapore
5.Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
6.Inst Geodesy & Geophys, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China

Qian, Yunyi,Wei, Shengji,Wu, Wenbo,et al. Teleseismic Waveform Complexities Caused by Near Trench Structures and Their Impacts on Earthquake Source Study: Application to the 2015 Illapel Aftershocks (Central Chile)[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH,2019,124(1):870-889.

Qian, Yunyi,Wei, Shengji,Wu, Wenbo,Zeng, Hongyu,Coudurier-Curveur, Aurelie,&Ni, Sidao.(2019).Teleseismic Waveform Complexities Caused by Near Trench Structures and Their Impacts on Earthquake Source Study: Application to the 2015 Illapel Aftershocks (Central Chile).JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH,124(1),870-889.

Qian, Yunyi,et al."Teleseismic Waveform Complexities Caused by Near Trench Structures and Their Impacts on Earthquake Source Study: Application to the 2015 Illapel Aftershocks (Central Chile)".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH 124.1(2019):870-889.