Degradation and remobilization of endogenous retroviruses by recombination during the earliest stages of a germ-line invasion

Loeber, Ulrike1,2; Hobbs, Matthew3; Dayaram, Anisha1; Tsangaras, Kyriakos4; Jones, Kiersten5; Alquezar-Planas, David E.1,3; Ishida, Yasuko6; Meers, Joanne5; Mayer, Jens7; Quedenau, Claudia8; Chen, Wei8,9; Johnson, Rebecca N.3; Timms, Peter10; Young, Paul R.5; Roca, Alfred L.6; Greenwood, Alex D.1,11

2018-08-21

10.1073/pnas.1807598115

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA   影响因子和分区

0027-8424

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are proviral sequences that result from colonization of the host germ line by exogenous retroviruses. The majority of ERVs represent defective retroviral copies. However, for most ERVs, endogenization occurred millions of years ago, obscuring the stages by which ERVs become defective and the changes in both virus and host important to the process. The koala retrovirus, KoRV, only recently began invading the germ line of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), permitting analysis of retroviral endogenization on a prospective basis. Here, we report that recombination with host genomic elements disrupts retroviruses during the earliest stages of germ-line invasion. One type of recombinant, designated recKoRV1, was formed by recombination of KoRV with an older degraded retroelement. Many genomic copies of recKoRV1 were detected across koalas. The prevalence of recKoRV1 was higher in northern than in southern Australian koalas, as is the case for KoRV, with differences in recKoRV1 prevalence, but not KoRV prevalence, between inland and coastal New South Wales. At least 15 additional different recombination events between KoRV and the older endogenous retroelement generated distinct recKoRVs with different geographic distributions. All of the identified recombinant viruses appear to have arisen independently and have highly disrupted ORFs, which suggests that recombination with existing degraded endogenous retroelements may be a means by which replication-competent ERVs that enter the germ line are degraded.

koala retrovirus recombination retrovirus endogenous retrovirus genome evolution

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Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst[2014 57129705.]

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BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY;CLINICAL MEDICINE;MULTIDISCIPLINARY;PLANT & ANIMAL SCIENCE;ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY;SOCIAL SCIENCES, GENERAL;MICROBIOLOGY;ECONOMICS BUSINESS;IMMUNOLOGY;MATERIALS SCIENCE;MATHEMATICS;SPACE SCIENCE;MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS;PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY;CHEMISTRY;PSYCHIATRY/PSYCHOLOGY;NEUROSCIENCE & BEHAVIOR;PHYSICS;GEOSCIENCES;AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES;ENGINEERING

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1.Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, Dept Wildlife Dis, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
2.Berlin Ctr Genom Biodivers Res BeGenDiv, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
3.Australian Museum, Res Inst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
4.Cyprus Inst Neurol & Genet, Dept Translat Genet, CY-1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
5.Univ Queensland, Australian Infect Dis Res Ctr, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
6.Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
7.Univ Saarland, Med Fac, Dept Human Genet, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
8.Max Delbruck Ctr, Berlin Inst Med Syst Biol, Genom, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
9.Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China
10.Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth Educ & Engn, Sippy Downs, Qld 4556, Australia
11.Free Univ Berlin, Dept Vet Med, D-14163 Berlin, Germany

Loeber, Ulrike,Hobbs, Matthew,Dayaram, Anisha,et al. Degradation and remobilization of endogenous retroviruses by recombination during the earliest stages of a germ-line invasion[J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,2018,115(34):8609-8614.

Loeber, Ulrike.,Hobbs, Matthew.,Dayaram, Anisha.,Tsangaras, Kyriakos.,Jones, Kiersten.,...&Greenwood, Alex D..(2018).Degradation and remobilization of endogenous retroviruses by recombination during the earliest stages of a germ-line invasion.PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,115(34),8609-8614.

Loeber, Ulrike,et al."Degradation and remobilization of endogenous retroviruses by recombination during the earliest stages of a germ-line invasion".PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 115.34(2018):8609-8614.