利用超亲水多孔阳极氧化铝在电池高效散热中的实验研究

近年来,随着能源危机的显现和环境意识的提高,电动汽车行业得到了快速的发展。随着电动汽车对电池循环寿命和电池充放电倍率的要求越来越高,汽车动力系统的散热管理变得越来越重要。我们面临的问题是,随着电池功率和电池高充放电时发热密度的急剧增加,传统的液冷等散热方式逐渐显露不足。本文采用了一种新型的电动汽车散热方法,利用多孔/纤维状阳极氧化铝的超亲水性和毛细效应实现相变散热的目的。由于散热效率受到氧化铝薄膜表面形貌的显著影响,我们可以通过阳极氧化制备条件的操纵来控制这一形貌。经过一系列的系统研究,当发热功率密度为15 kW/㎡时,我们成功地将模拟电池内部温度保持在25℃以下,相比风冷实现了84.2%的降温（158降至25℃）,完全符合动力电池的安全工作温度。在本研究中,利用此种阳极氧化铝表面散热的方法,能够使动力电池在高充放电倍率工作时安全、稳定的运行。 

In recent years, the electric vehicle industry has been developed rapidly attributed to the emerging energy crisis and raising of environmental awareness. With the increasing demands on battery charge/discharge ratio and battery cycle life for an electric vehicle, the heat dissipation management for the vehicle power system has been becoming more and more crucial. The issue we are facing is the traditional heat dissipation approach such as liquid cooling is gradually become inadequate due to the fast increase of battery power density and the heating density of a battery during high charge/discharge. In this paper, a new method of heat dissipation for vehicle battery was proposed, which made use of the hydrophilic properties of porous/fiber Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) films to achieve the purpose of efficient heat dissipation on the battery surface by exploiting the capillary effect and phase transformation heat-transfer. Heat dissipation efficiency was significantly affected by the surface micro/nano morphology of the alumina film which we were able to control via manipulation of anodization condition. After a series of systematic study, we successfully maintained the inner temperature of a simulated battery at 25 while it was running at ℃ 15 kW/㎡, 84.6 % of temperature reduction is achieved (163 downed to 25 ), fully in line with the safe working te ℃ mperature of the power battery. In this study, we developed a heat dissipation approach via employing AAO surfaces that allowed the power battery operating more safely and efficiently during high charge and discharge.