聚乳酸基金属有机框架复合纤维的制备及抗菌性能研究

病原体在空气中的传播是一个严重的公共安全问题，佩戴口罩能够便捷有效地抑制病原体传播。然而大多数口罩都是基于非生物降解聚合物制备的，并且缺乏抗菌活性。这类口罩的大量使用不仅会增加环境的负担，同时吸附在上面的大量病原体还会增加二次传播的高风险。具有抗菌特性的锌基-金属有机框架（Zn-MOFs）晶体与可生物降解的聚乳酸（PLA）的复合是解决以上问题的理想策略。

本文以水为溶剂，在室温下制备了Zn-MOFs晶体，分别是沸石咪唑酯骨架ZIF-8、ZIF-L和Dia(Zn)。通过一系列的表征技术对Zn-MOFs材料的形貌、结构及热稳定性能进行了研究，通过平板法研究了Zn-MOFs的体外抗菌性能。研究结果表明，所制备的材料热稳定性能良好。在黑暗条件下，Zn-MOFs都具备一定的抗菌性能，光照可以提高它们的抗菌效果。

以可生物降解PLA作为基体，通过静电纺丝技术，制备纤维薄膜。采用溶液混纺和原位生长方法，将ZIF-8、ZIF-L和Dia(Zn)微/纳颗粒分别引入PLA中制备复合纤维材料。通过一系列表征技术对Zn-MOFs@PLA复合纤维膜材料的形貌、结构、热学性能进行了研究，并采用平板法研究了其体外抗菌性能。研究结果表明，两种方法都能成功制备复合纤维材料。溶液混纺制备的复合纤维膜抗菌性能不显著，而原位生长制备的复合纤维膜则表现出优异的抗菌性能，对大肠杆菌实现了100%抗菌效率。

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