WC-Ti体系硬质合金激光3D打印成形工艺及性能研究

传统的硬质合金加工通常需要经过混合料制备、压坯成型、烧结三个过程来完成。选区激光熔化作为一种先进的三维加工技术，具有自由度高、成形材料广泛、材料利用率高及加工周期短等特点。可利用选区激光熔化技术来制备硬质合金，以便发挥其先进制造方面的独特优势。

目前适用于碳化钨硬质合金的各种粘结金属存在着各自的问题，对于新型粘结金属的探索十分必要。纯钛作为一种有着优良性能、诸多优点的金属材料，有望作为适合的粘结金属添加到碳化钨基体中来制备硬质合金。

本论文以新型粘结金属的探索为出发点，利用激光选区熔化技术，在对打印工艺参数进行优化之后，制备出了高密度、高硬度、高抗压强度及良好的耐磨耐蚀性的硬质合金试样，并打印成型了碳化钨—钛体系硬质合金的饰品异形构件。

本硕士论文得出了以下主要研究结论：

(1) 实验结果表明纯钛可作为碳化钨的有效粘结剂，并且可采用激光原位化方法对钛含量分别为10 wt.%，15 wt.%，20 wt.%的碳化钨—钛体系的硬质合金进行高质量打印成型。

(2) 20 wt.%纯钛粘结剂含量下的碳化钨—钛硬质合金的可打印性最优。在功率为175 W、扫描速度为600 mm·s-1的条件下，该成分下的打印态碳化钨—钛硬质合金的致密度高达99.62 %，室温硬度可达1476±50 HV1，压缩强度达1.75 GPa，在人体汗液环境下的耐腐蚀速率为0.1986 mm·a-1，摩擦系数约为0.816。同时该材料呈现较好的高温稳定性。

(3) 微观组织分析表明，含20 wt.%钛的打印态碳化钨—钛硬质合金组织由碳化钨、碳化二钨、碳化钛等五种晶体相组成。其微观组织呈现晶粒尺寸小、晶体相之间结合优良等特点，与所展现的高性能表现相符。

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