基于贯通结构的黏附性、可拉伸高密度电 极制备及应用研究

目前，用于记录和采集高密度肌肉信号的电极阵列是诊断肌肉疾病、评 估运动意图和驱动假肢急需的工具。用于高密度电生理信号采集的电极形式 主要是商用高密度聚酰亚胺电极贴或通过贴附多个单点式商用 Ag/AgCl 凝 胶电极，其中高密度聚酰亚胺电极虽然具有一定的柔性，但不具备可拉伸性， 由于与皮肤的模量不匹配，贴合性较差，容易在运动监测过程中发生脱附， 在皮肤处于大的拉伸形变过程中产生运动伪影，而单点式商用 Ag/AgCl 凝胶 电极的外形尺寸较大、厚度较厚，很难与检测设备进行高密度集成。为了实 现稳定的高密度生理电信号的获取，解决上述商用电极贴集成度低、与皮肤 模量不匹配和贴合性差等问题，本论文制备了一种基于贯通结构具有一定黏 附性的柔性可拉伸高密度电极，该电极可以同时获取人体体表多个监测点的 肌电信号。

主要的研究内容如下：

（1）采用磁控溅射的制备方法，获得了金属材料与柔性基底的复合导 电薄膜电极，分析了导电金属薄膜在柔性可拉伸基底不同拉伸状态下的微观 形态，并对柔性可拉伸电极的拉伸导电性、循环稳定性、透气性能等进行了 表征测试与分析。通过贯通孔状结构的设计可以借助商用导电凝胶实现柔性 可拉伸电极的导电线路与皮肤的连接导通，透明敷料贴自身的黏附性可以保 证电极即使在大的拉伸变形下依然保持与皮肤良好的共形贴合，有利于电学 信号的稳定传输。

（2）对柔性可拉伸电极和硬质 PCB 板连接处的软硬接口界面的性能进 行了测试与分析，通过对比两种不同软硬接口拉伸状态下的微观形貌，发现 薄膜梯度法可以明显的分散软硬接口处的应力集中问题，提升软硬接口可承 受的最大拉伸极限。

（3）通过制备得到具有贯通结构的黏附性、柔性可拉伸高密度电极， 将其应用于对不同手势和不同握力下的手臂肌电信号的采集，并通过与商用 Ag/AgCl 凝胶电极采集的信号进行对比，分析信号的幅值与信噪比，验证了 该电极在未来医学检测领域的可行性。

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