基于离子载体的新型电化学发光和近红外荧光传感方法

       生物体内血液电解质（Na+、K+、Ca2+）的浓度维持在一个范围内，具有临床指导性。基于离子载体的离子选择传感器具有出色的选择性和低背景干扰，通常以发色团作为信号传感器来间接报告目标离子浓度。这种离子选择性传感器是以聚合物薄膜和纳米颗粒制备的，它们通常以电化学、光吸收和荧光模式运行。然而在实际应用中，样品的光学背景干扰（尤其是生物医学样品的背景荧光）会对传统的基于荧光强度的方法的灵敏度、检测限和精确性产生不良影响。因此，发展不受样品背景荧光干扰的测量方法在分析与传感领域具有重要意义。

       本课题基于离子载体的 ECL 电化学传感和 NIR 光学传感，探究了两种新型光学和电化学传感方法。在电致化学发光（ECL）方面，提出一种基于钠离子载体的钌配合物的聚合物薄膜，利用三联吡啶钌及其共反应物具有好的发光特性，给予一定扫描电压无需对工作电极修饰便可以直接测定发光的钠离子检测方法。该测试结果与荧光的标准曲线进行对比，佐证ECL 这种新型传感方法的可靠性。在近红外区域（NIR）方面，提出基于与其他课题组合成的 SQ720H 作为近红外探针，制备基于钙离子载体的离子选择性光极用于近红外荧光（740 nm）成像下钙离子检测。通过在常见血液电解质离子的干扰下建立标准曲线，表明可以应用于生物离子荧光成像。这两种基于离子载体的新型传感方法不仅具有好的选择性，同时相比于之前的传感方法，能够克服样品自身荧光等背景干扰。未来也有望开发通用离子传感平台，用于更多复杂背景下的离子检测。

    Concentrations of blood electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+) in the organism are maintained within one range and are clinically instructive. Ion-selective sensors based on ion carriers have excellent selectivity and low background interference, often using chromophores as signal sensors to indirectly report the concentration of the ion of interest. These ion-selective sensors are made from polymer films and nanoparticles, which typically operate in electrochemical, light-absorbing,
and fluorescence modes. However, optical background interference with a sample, especially the background fluorescence of biomedical samples, adversely affects the sensitivity, detection limits, and accuracy of traditional fluorescence intensity-based methods. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop measurement methods that are not interfered with by the fluorescence of the sample background in the field of analysis and sensing.

    Based on ECL electrochemical sensing and NIR optical sensing of ion carriers, this project explores two novel optical and electrochemical sensing methods. In terms of electrochemiluminescence (ECL), a polymer film based on a ruthenium complex based on sodium ion carrier is proposed, and the sodium ion detection method of luminescence can be directly determined by using triple pyridine ruthenium and its co-reactants with good luminous properties, and a certain scanning voltage can be directly determined without modifying the working electrode. The test results are compared with the standard curve of fluorescence, which supports the reliability of ECL, a new sensing method. In the near-infrared region (NIR), an ion-selective optodes based on calcium ion carrier was prepared as a near-infrared probe based on SQ720H combined with other topics for calcium ion detection under near-infrared fluorescence (740 nm) imaging. By establishing a standard curve under the interference of common blood electrolyte ions, it is indicated that ion fluorescence bioimaging can be applied.

    These two new sensing methods based on ion carriers not only have good selectivity, but also can overcome background interference such as sample self-fluorescence compared to previous sensing methods. In the future, it is also expected to develop a universal ion sensing platform for ion detection in more complex backgrounds.

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