UAV-Enabled Wireless Power Transfer and Communications

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been considered as a promising technology
in both military and civil communications. This thesis studies UAV-enabled
wireless communications considering UAV propulsion consumption which has not
been well studied in the existing literature.
To this end, first, wireless power transfer (WPT) efficiency in UAV-enabled
wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs) is studied, where a rotarywing
UAV is dispatched as an energy carrier to charge the remote sensors after
it is charged by a charging station such as a base station (BS). In the study, the
propulsion consumption for different UAV manoeuvres has been taken into account.
Two schemes for UAV-enabled WPT have been proposed and compared
with the conventional scheme without using a UAV. By solving the energy equations,
a distance threshold beyond which the new schemes show superiority over
the conventional scheme is derived.
Then, in order to maximize the sum-energy received by all sensors, the
optimal strategy for UAV deployment is studied. In this study, the UAV power
consumption, the radio frequency to direct current (RF-to-DC) energy conversion
efficiency and the BS charging process have all been taken into account. Both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) topologies of sensors have been
considered. By maximizing the sum-energy received by all sensors, the optimal
locations for the UAV have been derived.
Next, the use of UAVs in a WPCN as an energy transmitter and a data
collector is investigated. In the study, the UAV is first charged from a BS before
it ies to the sensors for data collection. Upon arrival, the UAV first charges the
sensors via WPT in the down-link, followed by data transmission from the sensors
in the up-link. After that, the UAV ies back to the BS to offoad data to the
BS. Both distance-dependent path loss and small-scale fading are considered. To
maximize the amount of data offoaded to the BS given a fixed total time, the
optimal time allocation in different phases has been derived.
In the aforementioned studies, we focus on the full process of UAV-enabled
WPCN where wireless charging from the BS to the UAV and the UAV return trip
have been considered. To maximize the available energy when the UAV arrives at
destinations, the optimum battery weight in UAV-enabled wireless communication
networks is studied. Numerical results show that both vertical ight and horizontal
ight speeds and the gross weight of the UAV have a great impact on the optimal
battery weight.
Motivated by studying the optimal battery weight, it is found that accurate
and convenient energy consumption models (ECM) for rotary-wing UAVs are also,
or even much more important for UAV-enabled wireless communications because
energy is the guarantee of UAV operation. As a result, a simple and easy-to-use
model with closed-form expression as a function of the initial velocity, acceleration
and time duration is further studied. Numerical results show the validity and
reliability of the new derived ECM.

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