基于多天线的物联网通信技术研究

RESEARCH ON INTERNET OF THINGS TECHNOLOGY BASED ON MULTIPLE ANTENNAS

吕志杰

11749125

硕士

信息与通信工程

贡毅

2019-05-30

2019-06-14

哈尔滨工业大学

深圳

物联网技术是当今信息技术产业发展的第三波浪潮，以大数据、云计算、人工智能、物联网为代表的新一代技术在全世界范围内掀起了新一轮科技革命。当前的物联网节点数据通信采用传统单天线的方式，将日益成熟的无线通信技术应用到物联网系统中，通过配置多天线可以提升接收端信噪比，也可以通过复用技术来提升数据传输速率，扩大传输带宽，促进物联网的发展，提升物联网系统整体的性能，这个是一件非常有远见的研究。本篇毕业论文首先从移动通信的发展历程开始，介绍当前4G和5G中广泛采用的多天线技术，通过探讨在各种多天线的配置来为通信系统带来通信性能的提升。通过介绍OFDM技术来探究在使用了OFDM技术之后，带来的频谱效率的提升，提升通信速率，同时也避免了在多载波传输中的符号间的相互干扰。通过前文的技术解读之后，开始针对多天线物联网系统进行实验方案设计，首先是通过机器仿真来检验在理想环境中系统的通信性能，之后将搭建的系统置于真实的环境中经历真实的信道实现多天线系统的通信，通过调整实验参数，观察天线数目配置在实际情况下，带来通信系统性能的提升，包括信道容量，误码率和调制解调的精度等。本论文将围绕着物联网多天线技术，从基础硬件构建和算法设计，工程实施等方面，探讨将无线通信中的多天线技术，诸如MIMO和OFDM技术应用在物联网系统中，验证前期的实验设计，对实验方案进行修正，来提高通信节点间的通信性能。本论文的创新点主要体现在将理论当中的多天线无线传信物联网应用在实际的工程中，在实验中暴露的问题有助于修改实验设计方案。通过本项目，完成了多天线物联网通信系统的设计，并完成了物联网通信节点设计方案的软硬件一体化开发，利用实验室现有的设备和仪器搭建物联网通信系统，对实验设计方案进行验证和评估。本项目的实验结果，可以为今后的物联网技术的发展提供一种支持，证明方案的可行性。在当今5G浪潮来临之际，物联网技术的应用普及程度将会得到空前的发展，将无线通信领域成熟的技术应用在物联网中，在特定场景下解决物联网技术的短板弱项，能够更好完成科技成果转化和前沿技术研究与验证。

Internet of Things technology is the third wave of the development of information technology industry today. A new generation of technology represented by big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and Internet of Things has set off a new round of technological revolution in the world. The current Internet of Things node data communication adopts the traditional single antenna method, and the increasingly mature wireless communication technology is applied to the Internet of Things system. By configuring multiple antennas, the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end can be improved, and the data transmission can be improved by multiplexing technology. This is a very far-sighted study of speed, expanding transmission bandwidth, promoting the development of the Internet of Things, and improving the overall performance of the Internet of Things system.This thesis begins with the development of mobile communication, introduces the multi-antenna technology widely used in 4G and 5G, and brings about the improvement of communication performance for communication systems by discussing the configuration of various multi-antennas. By introducing OFDM technology, it is explored that after using OFDM technology, the spectrum efficiency is improved, the communication rate is improved, and mutual interference between symbols in multi-carrier transmission is also avoided. After the previous technical interpretation, the experimental design of the multi-antenna IoT system was started. Firstly, the communication performance of the system in the ideal environment was tested by machine simulation, and then the real system was put into the real environment. The channel realizes the communication of the multi-antenna system. By adjusting the experimental parameters and observing the configuration of the number of antennas, the performance of the communication system is improved, including the channel capacity, the bit error rate and the accuracy of the modulation and demodulation. This thesis will focus on the multi-antenna technology of IoT, from the aspects of basic hardware construction and algorithm design, engineering implementation, etc., to explore the application of multi-antenna technology in wireless communication, such as MIMO and OFDM technology in the Internet of Things system, to verify the experimental design in the early stage. The experimental scheme is modified to improve the communication performance between the communication nodes. The innovation of this thesis is mainly reflected in the application of multi-antenna wireless signaling IoT in practical engineering. The problems exposed in the experiment help to modify the experimental design.Through this project, the design of multi-antenna IoT communication system was completed, and the software and hardware integration development of the IoT communication node design was completed. The existing equipment and instruments of the laboratory were used to construct the IoT communication system. Conduct verification and evaluation. The experimental results of this project can provide a kind of support for the development of IoT technology in the future and prove the feasibility of the program. At the dawn of the 5G wave, the popularity of IoT technology will be unprecedentedly developed. The mature technology in the field of wireless communication will be applied to the Internet of Things, and the shortcomings of the Internet of Things technology will be solved in specific scenarios. Good completion of scientific and technological achievements transformation and cutting-edge technology research and verification.

无线通信 物联网 多天线

wireless communication Internet of Things multi-antennas

中文

联合培养

南方科技大学

吕志杰. 基于多天线的物联网通信技术研究[D]. 深圳. 哈尔滨工业大学,2019.