导电聚苯胺纤维的制备与改性

Preparation and Modification of Conductive Polyaniline Fiber

吕尤

11749163

硕士

材料工程

王湘麟

2019-05-20

2019-06-28

哈尔滨工业大学

深圳

聚苯胺（PANI）是一种带有共轭双键的结构型导电高分子。与其他导电高分子相比，其制备相对便捷高效，同时具有很好的稳定性和较高的电导率，因此聚苯胺是过去50年来研究最多的聚合物之一。通过将导电聚苯胺制备成纤维形态，可以在智能织物、电磁屏蔽等多种领域得到应用。然而，由于聚苯胺熔点高，在熔化前已经分解无法进行熔融纺丝；同时其溶解性较差，只能溶解在极少数高极性、高沸点有机溶剂中，也造成湿法纺丝的困难。针对这些问题，本文使用廉价且易得的N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）作为溶剂，探究制备聚苯胺导电纤维的最优工艺参数。同时，通过与其他高分子共混，制备了一系列聚苯胺共混纤维。借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）、导电率测试、力学性能测试等分析手段，系统地研究了其微观结构、力学性能、导电性能及相互关系作用。 研究表明，通过球磨法和添加适当的抗凝剂可以很好的解决PANI在NMP中的溶解性问题，有助于得到均一稳定的纺丝原液。通过合理控制纺丝原液制备和纺丝工艺参数控制，并进行质子酸掺杂，可以制得内部均匀致密、具有一定机械强度且导电度可控的聚苯胺纤维，电导率可达4.5 S/cm。同时，通过与其他高分子共混，得出了聚苯胺/高分子共混纤维的相容性与导电性、机械性能的关系谱图。研究发现，具有与聚苯胺良好相容性的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮与聚苯胺共混后效果最佳，所得纤维内部均匀致密，力学性能和电导率均最高，电导率最高可达1.80×10-3 S/cm。为聚苯胺纤维的工业化生产提供了相关参考，具有一定的实际应用价值。

Based on the above experimental results of micro-energy array and ultrasonic bonding parameters, polycarbonate was used as the material. This paper improved the biocompatibility and chemical compatibility caused by the introduction of solvent in the IPA solvent-assisted bonding experiment, and achieved low parameters bonding. In addition, this paper proposes and implements a low-parameter ultrasonic bonding of plasma-assisted ultrasonic bonding and UV surface modification bonding, and good joints are obtained. These two kinds of auxiliary methods require lower surface flatness and can effectively improve consistency in industrial applications. Based on the general trend of microfluidic chip development from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, this paper analyzes and considers the bonding method of multi-layer bonding, and proposes that the upper three layers are micro-energy arrays, and the lower two layers are micro-energy-director is bonded to the solvent in a comprehensive manner. From the bonding results, a better bond joint can be obtained, the energy loss increases from top to bottom, the microchannel deformation becomes smaller, and the auxiliary effect of solvent bonding becomes better at the position closer to the IPA activation temperature.

聚苯胺纤维 湿法纺丝 共混聚合物 导电性

polyaniline fiber wet spinning polymer blends electrical conductivity

中文

联合培养

南方科技大学

吕尤. 导电聚苯胺纤维的制备与改性[D]. 深圳. 哈尔滨工业大学,2019.