Robust twin-field quantum key distribution through sending or not sending

Jiang，Cong1,2; Yu，Zong Wen3; Hu，Xiao Long4; Wang，Xiang Bin1,2,5,6,7

2023-04-01

10.1093/nsr/nwac186

National Science Review   影响因子和分区

2095-5138

2053-714X

The sending-or-not-sending (SNS) protocol is one of the most major variants of the twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol and has been realized in a 511-km field fiber, the farthest field experiment to date. In practice, however, all decoy-state methods have unavoidable source errors, and the source errors may be non-random, which compromises the security condition of the existing TF-QKD protocols. In this study, we present a general approach for efficiently calculating the SNS protocol’s secure key rate with source errors, by establishing the equivalent protocols through virtual attenuation and the tagged model. This makes the first result for TF QKD in practice where source intensity cannot be controlled exactly. Our method can be combined with the two-way classical communication method such as active odd-parity pairing to further improve the key rate. The numerical results show that if the intensity error is within a few percent, the key rate and secure distance only decrease marginally. The key rate of the recent SNS experiment in the 511-km field fiber is still positive using our method presented here, even if there is a ±9.5% intensity fluctuation. This shows that the SNS protocol is robust against source errors.

quantum information quantum key distribution sending or not sending source error twin field

SCI ; EI

英语

其他

National Natural Science Foundation of China[11774198];National Natural Science Foundation of China[11974204];National Natural Science Foundation of China[12104184];National Natural Science Foundation of China[12174215];National Key Research and Development Program of China[2020YFA0309701];Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong[2021ZDPT01];State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics[KF202110];Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province[ZR2021LLZ007];

Science & Technology - Other Topics

Multidisciplinary Sciences

WOS:000975403100004

OXFORD UNIV PRESS

20232214154456

Network security ; Quantum optics ; Random errors

Computer Software, Data Handling and Applications:723 ; Light/Optics:741.1 ; Quantum Theory; Quantum Mechanics:931.4

2-s2.0-85140583181

Scopus

1.Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology,Jinan,250101,China
2.State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics,Department of Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China
3.Data Communication Science and Technology Research Institute,Beijing,100191,China
4.School of Physics,State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,510275,China
5.Shanghai Branch,CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Shanghai,201315,China
6.Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering,Physics Department,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
7.Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information,Beijing,100084,China

Jiang，Cong,Yu，Zong Wen,Hu，Xiao Long,et al. Robust twin-field quantum key distribution through sending or not sending[J]. National Science Review,2023,10(4).

Jiang，Cong,Yu，Zong Wen,Hu，Xiao Long,&Wang，Xiang Bin.(2023).Robust twin-field quantum key distribution through sending or not sending.National Science Review,10(4).

Jiang，Cong,et al."Robust twin-field quantum key distribution through sending or not sending".National Science Review 10.4(2023).