用于改善二次电池长效安全性的隔膜制备与性能研究

锂离子电池（lithium-ion batteries，LIB）作为新一代的二次电池体系，是目前 最先进的储能设备之一。然而由于能量密度高，电池组分易燃烧，近年来汽车自 燃事件不断发生，这引发了人们对锂离子电池储能的安全性担忧。目前关于热熔 断隔膜的研究更多局限在满足响应温度后熔融堵塞孔隙上。对于热熔断隔膜在响 应温度下，响应时间与热失控时间的匹配性问题上并未深入探究，因此本课题主要进行三方面研究：

第一方面利用 ARC 探究了不同类型不同正极材料的热失控行为，从温度、温 升速率等角度系统分析了热失控过程并结合电池自身特性确定了热熔断隔膜响应 温度与响应时间的动态热范围。

第二方面根据动态范围选择合适响应温度的材料。本文选择了熔点为115 °C 的 PBS 为响应材料和优异热稳定性的 PI 为基层材料。经过验证，PBS/PI 复合隔膜 既能够满足商业电池的主要参数要求，也能实现在合适的温度区间及时关断电池。

第三方面构建绝热环境下的热失控仿真模型，分析电池的热行为并预测电池的 发展规律。模拟过程中热行为曲线与实验曲线具有一致性，最大模拟误差仅为5.3 % 处于合理范围内，验证了创建模型的准确性。

本论文从实际应用角度出发，基于 ARC 测试探究了热熔断响应材料的选择。 并在响应温度范围内选择一种响应材料制备热熔断隔膜，探究其电化学和热性能， 而后制备叠片电池验证其商用价值。最后建立绝热热失控模型分析各组分尤其是 隔膜组分在热失控过程中的贡献，为后续热熔断隔膜的发展提供了理论依据。

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