HFE-7100微通道流动沸腾传热及两相流动特性实验研究

微通道流动沸腾冷却技术兼具相变潜热和微尺度效应的诸多优点，是解决微电子器件热致失效问题的重要方法之一。HFE-7100是一种性质优异的电子氟化液，特别适用于微电子器件的冷却。因此，本文基于课题组自主设计并搭建的可视化流动沸腾实验系统，对HFE-7100在平行通道、顺排凸台阵列和叉排凸台阵列三种结构微通道内的流动沸腾传热和两相流动特性开展了实验研究。

本文观察到微通道内流动沸腾的两相流型主要有泡状流、塞状流、搅拌流、环状流和局部烧干状态，并分析了各流型阶段的压力波动情况。当有效热流密度较高时，微通道出现局部烧干，此时微通道进出口压力差的变化导致压力波动，两相流动周期性振荡。另外，本文还分析了有效热流密度、质量流率、入口过冷度和干度等对压降的影响，两相压降会随热流密度的增大而增大，且凸台阵列微通道的压降大于平行微通道；压降与干度的关系受质量流率影响较大，但几乎不受入口过冷度的影响。

本文对比了不同入口过冷度和质量流率下的流动沸腾传热曲线，部分曲线在沸腾起始点附近存在明显的转折点，壁面过热度大幅下降。本文还分析了有效热流密度、质量流率、入口过冷度和干度等对传热系数的影响。在单相区间内随着有效热流密度的增大，各工况的传热系数缓慢增大，而在沸腾起始点附近传热系数达到极大值。平行微通道两相传热系数总是随干度的增大先增大后减小，而顺排和叉排凸台阵列微通道两相传热系数存在随干度的增大则逐渐减小的情况。

本文还将两相压降和两相传热系数的实验结果与相关文献的经典关联式预测值进行了对比，发现大部分关联式对本文实验结果的预测偏差较大。因此，本文发展了适用于HFE-7100的凸台阵列微通道流动沸腾两相压降和传热系数的预测关联式，与实验结果匹配度较好。

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