基于超顺磁性纳米粒子的磁粒子成像研究

超顺磁性纳米粒子是一种灵敏，安全且具有生物相容性的材料，其直 径大小为纳米级别，并具有超顺磁性。磁粒子成像是一种全新的断层成像 模态，可以对超顺磁性纳米粒子的空间浓度分布进行成像，其原理是利用 该粒子的非线性磁化响应来成像，具有安全、高对比度和高空间分辨率等 优点。 本 文 研究了 基 于 超 顺 磁 性 纳 米 粒 子 的 磁粒子 成 像 原 理 ， 使 用 经 典 Langevin 理论计算了超顺磁性纳米粒子的非线性磁化响应曲线，结合空间 编码推导出了磁粒子成像的相关信号模型，进行了模拟仿真验证。根据成 像原理，本文设计并实现了一个二维磁粒子成像系统样机，详细介绍了各 部分的具体实现方法，包括主磁场、信号生成，信号空间编码、信号采集 与处理和图像重建等等。完成系统的搭建后，本文使用超顺磁性纳米粒子 样品进行成像实验，验证了所搭建的磁粒子成像系统样机的可行性。本文 的创新之处主要有两个方面：一是设计了一种适用于成像系统信号接收链 的有源陷波滤波器，该滤波器具有较窄的阻带，减少滤波中高次谐波信号 的丢失，从而提高成像的信噪比；二是提出了一种适用于图像重建的卷积 神经网络，分析了其可行性和优势，实验结果显示了该神经网络具有应用 在磁粒子成像重建的潜力。 磁粒子成像是一种有前景的新成像模态，作为一种安全的生物医学成 像方法，在生物医学领域具有很大的潜力，适合细胞示踪，血管成像和肿 瘤诊断等应用。未来随着在超顺磁性纳米粒子、系统硬件和重建算法等方 面的改进，磁粒子成像技术将有助于生物医学成像领域发展，并为医学诊 断和治疗带来更多的可能性。

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