Towards Verifying the Imported Soybeans of China Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Analysis Coupled with Chemometrics

Zhou，Xiuwen1; Xiong，Beibei2; Ma，Xiao3; Jin，Baohui2; Xie，Liqi2; Rogers，Karyne M.4; Zhang，Hui5; Wu，Hao6

2023-12-01

10.3390/foods12234227

Foods   影响因子和分区

2304-8158

Verifying the geographical origin of soybeans (Glycine max [Linn.] Merr.) is a major challenge as there is little available information regarding non-parametric statistical origin approaches for Chinese domestic and imported soybeans. Commercially procured soybean samples from China (n = 33) and soybeans imported from Brazil (n = 90), the United States of America (n = 6), and Argentina (n = 27) were collected to characterize different producing origins using stable isotopes (δH, δO, δN, δC, and δS), non-metallic element content (% N, % C, and % S), and 23 mineral elements. Chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and BP–artificial neural network (BP-ANN) were applied to classify each origin profile. The feasibility of stable isotopes and elemental analysis combined with chemometrics as a discrimination tool to determine the geographical origin of soybeans was evaluated, and origin traceability models were developed. A PCA model indicated that origin discriminant separation was possible between the four soybean origins. Soybean mineral element content was found to be more indicative of origin than stable isotopes or non-metallic element contents. A comparison of two chemometric discriminant models, LDA and BP-ANN, showed both achieved an overall accuracy of 100% for testing and training sets when using a combined isotope and elemental approach. Our findings elucidate the importance of a combined approach in developing a reliable origin labeling method for domestic and imported soybeans in China.

chemometrics China geographical origin soybean stable isotopes trace elements traceability

SCI

英语

第一

WOS:001116889000001

2-s2.0-85179361714

Scopus

1.Department of Ocean Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,518055,China
2.Food Inspection and Quarantine Center,Shenzhen Customs,Shenzhen,518033,China
3.Department of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry,Thermo Fisher Scientific (China) Co.,Ltd,Shanghai,201206,China
4.National Isotope Centre,GNS Science,Lower Hutt 5040,New Zealand
5.Comprehensive Technology Centre,Suzhou,Zhangjiagang Customs,215000,China
6.Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems,College of the Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen,361102,China

Zhou，Xiuwen,Xiong，Beibei,Ma，Xiao,et al. Towards Verifying the Imported Soybeans of China Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Analysis Coupled with Chemometrics[J]. Foods,2023,12(23).

Zhou，Xiuwen.,Xiong，Beibei.,Ma，Xiao.,Jin，Baohui.,Xie，Liqi.,...&Wu，Hao.(2023).Towards Verifying the Imported Soybeans of China Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Analysis Coupled with Chemometrics.Foods,12(23).

Zhou，Xiuwen,et al."Towards Verifying the Imported Soybeans of China Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Analysis Coupled with Chemometrics".Foods 12.23(2023).