Household fuel and direct carbon emission disparity in rural China

Xing，Ran1; Luo，Zhihan1; Zhang，Wenxiao1; Xiong，Rui1; Jiang，Ke1; Meng，Wenjun1; Meng，Jing2; Dai，Hancheng3; Xue，Bing4; Shen，Huizhong5; Shen，Guofeng1,6

2024-03-01

10.1016/j.envint.2024.108549

Environment International   影响因子和分区

0160-4120

1873-6750

Universal access to clean fuels in household use is one explicit indicator of sustainable development while currently still billions of people rely on solid fuels for daily cooking. Despite of the recognized clean transition trend in general, disparities in household energy mix in different activities (e.g. cooking and heating) and historical trends remain to be elucidated. In this study, we revealed the historical changing trend of the disparity in household cooking and heating activities and associated carbon emissions in rural China. The study found that the poor had higher total direct energy consumption but used less modern energy, especially in cooking activities, in which the poor consumed 60 % more energy than the rich. The disparity in modern household energy use decreased over time, but conversely the disparity in total residential energy consumption increased due to the different energy elasticities as income increases. Though per-capita household CO and Black Carbon (BC) emissions were decreasing under switching to modern energies, the disparity in household CO and BC deepened over time, and the low-income groups emitted ∼ 10 kg CO more compared to the high-income population. Relying solely on spontaneous clean cooking transition had limited impacts in reducing disparities in household energy and carbon emissions, whereas improving access to modern energy had substantial potential to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions and its disparity. Differentiated energy-related policies to promote high-efficiency modern heating energies affordable for the low-income population should be developed to reduce the disparity, and consequently benefit human health and climate change equally.

Carbon emission Disparity Residential energy Rural China

SCI ; EI

英语

其他

ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

2-s2.0-85186907216

Scopus

1.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing,China
2.The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction,University College London,London,WC1E 7HB,United Kingdom
3.College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing,China
4.Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang,China
5.College of Environmental Science and Technology,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen,China
6.Institute of Carbon Neutrality,Peking University,Beijing,100871,China

Xing，Ran,Luo，Zhihan,Zhang，Wenxiao,et al. Household fuel and direct carbon emission disparity in rural China[J]. Environment International,2024,185.

Xing，Ran.,Luo，Zhihan.,Zhang，Wenxiao.,Xiong，Rui.,Jiang，Ke.,...&Shen，Guofeng.(2024).Household fuel and direct carbon emission disparity in rural China.Environment International,185.

Xing，Ran,et al."Household fuel and direct carbon emission disparity in rural China".Environment International 185(2024).