Occurrence, transmission and risks assessment of pathogens in aquatic environments accessible to humans

Su，Yiyi1; Gao，Rui1; Huang，Fang1; Liang，Bin1; Guo，Jianhua2; Fan，Lu3; Wang，Aijie1; Gao，Shu Hong1

2024-03-01

10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120331

Journal of Environmental Management   影响因子和分区

0301-4797

1095-8630

Pathogens are ubiquitously detected in various natural and engineered water systems, posing potential threats to public health. However, it remains unclear which human-accessible waters are hotspots for pathogens, how pathogens transmit to these waters, and what level of health risk associated with pathogens in these environments. This review collaboratively focuses and summarizes the contamination levels of pathogens on the 5 water systems accessible to humans (natural water, drinking water, recreational water, wastewater, and reclaimed water). Then, we showcase the pathways, influencing factors and simulation models of pathogens transmission and survival. Further, we compare the health risk levels of various pathogens through Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA), and assess the limitations of water-associated QMRA application. Pathogen levels in wastewater are consistently higher than in other water systems, with no significant variation for Cryptosporidium spp. among five water systems. Hydraulic conditions primarily govern the transmission of pathogens into human-accessible waters, while environmental factors such as temperature impact pathogens survival. The median and mean values of computed public health risk levels posed by pathogens consistently surpass safety thresholds, particularly in the context of recreational waters. Despite the highest pathogens levels found in wastewater, the calculated health risk is significantly lower than in other water systems. Except pathogens concentration, variables like the exposure mode, extent, and frequency are also crucial factors influencing the public health risk in water systems. This review shares valuable insights to the more accurate assessment and comprehensive management of public health risk in human-accessible water environments.

Human-accessible water systems Occurrence Pathogen Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) Transmission

SCI ; EI

英语

其他

ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

2-s2.0-85185338483

Scopus

1.State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen,Shenzhen,518055,China
2.Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB,formerly AWMC),The University of Queensland,St. Lucia,4072,Australia
3.Department of Ocean Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech),Shenzhen,518055,China

Su，Yiyi,Gao，Rui,Huang，Fang,et al. Occurrence, transmission and risks assessment of pathogens in aquatic environments accessible to humans[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2024,354.

Su，Yiyi.,Gao，Rui.,Huang，Fang.,Liang，Bin.,Guo，Jianhua.,...&Gao，Shu Hong.(2024).Occurrence, transmission and risks assessment of pathogens in aquatic environments accessible to humans.Journal of Environmental Management,354.

Su，Yiyi,et al."Occurrence, transmission and risks assessment of pathogens in aquatic environments accessible to humans".Journal of Environmental Management 354(2024).