南方科技大学知识苑(SUSTech KC): 基于纳米晶增强反溶剂法的纯相甲脒铅碘钙钛矿电池研究

题名	基于纳米晶增强反溶剂法的纯相甲脒铅碘钙钛矿电池研究
其他题名	RESEARCH ON PURE PHASE FORMAMIDINE LEAD IODIDE PEROVSKITE CELLS BASED ON NANOCRYSTALS ENHANCED ANTISOLVENT METHOD
姓名	王嘉峰
姓名拼音	WANG Jiafeng
学号	12132075
学位类型	硕士
学位专业	0809 电子科学与技术
学科门类/专业学位类别	08 工学
导师	何祝兵
导师单位	材料科学与工程系
论文答辩日期	2024-05-29
论文提交日期	2024-06-24
学位授予单位	南方科技大学
学位授予地点	深圳
摘要	能源是全球经济社会发展的关键资源，目前地球上传统能源的储量不断减少，人们开始利用太阳能、风能、潮汐能等各种新型能源，其中太阳能相关的研究及应用在近些年内具有良好的发展，钙钛矿太阳能电池正是其中发展较为迅速的一部分。然而目前其发展仍存在一些限制，如材料对环境具有污染、微观机理较为复杂、稳定性较差导致器件寿命较短等问题，使其发展只停留于实验室研究阶段，并未走向大规模的商业化生产。在目前的钙钛矿太阳能电池体系中，甲脒铅碘基钙钛矿太阳能电池具有更好的稳定性及更高的效率。然而现有的研究工作通常是在前驱体溶液中加入甲胺盐酸盐以促进钙钛矿的相转变，这种方法容易导致甲胺在钙钛矿中残留，从而影响钙钛矿的热稳定性。因此，对于无添加的纯相甲脒铅碘钙钛矿的研究是非常有必要的。在本文中，我们采用了一种纳米晶体增强的反溶剂来制备无添加的纯相甲脒铅碘钙钛矿太阳能电池，主要研究工作如下：　　我们将异质成核原理引入钙钛矿薄膜的制备工艺中，在烷烃中添加甲脒铅碘纳米晶体形成功能化反溶剂，作为钙钛矿薄膜的异质成核位点，减小相变能垒，促进甲脒铅碘钙钛矿从δ向α的相转变，从而获得了高取向高结晶度的钙钛矿薄膜。　　但上述方法容易导致纳米晶体表面封端的油酸和油胺长链配体在钙钛矿薄膜表面富集。针对这一科学问题，我们选择了醋酸铅的异丙醇溶液对薄膜进行界面钝化处理，其中异丙醇溶剂用于清洗表面富集的配体，醋酸铅溶质用于中和表面过量的甲脒。处理后器件的光电转化效率达到 21.76 %，其中开路电压为 1.08 V，短路电流密度为 25.31 mA·cm-2，填充因子为 79.61 %。优化器件在空气环境贮存超过 800 小时仍保持 95 %的初始性能。　　本研究工作有效解决了该体系钙钛矿材料在相转变与相稳定性方面的问题，对于该体系钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展与应用具有推进作用。
其他摘要	Energy is a vital resource for global economic and social development. At present, the reserves of traditional energy on the earth are constantly decreasing. People begin to use solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and other new energy sources, among which solar related research and application have had good development in recent years, and perovskite solar cells are rapid-developed part in solar energy applications. However there are still many limitations to its current development, such as the pollution of materials to the environment, the complexity of microscopic mechanisms, the short device life of poor stability and other reasons. So that its development stays in the laboratory research stage and has not moved towards large-scale commercial production. The formamidine lead iodine based perovskite solar cells have better stability and higher efficiency in the current perovskite solar cells system. However, the existing research work usually adds methylamine hydrochloride into the precursor solution to promote the phase transition of perovskite, which is easy to cause methylamine residue in perovskite, thus affecting the thermal stability of perovskite. Therefore, it’s very necessary to study the pure phase formamidine lead iodine perovskite without additive. In this paper, we employ a nanocrystal enhanced antisolvent to fabricate the pure phase formamidine lead iodine perovskite solar cells without additive, the main research of this thesis could be summarized as follows: 　　We introduce the heteronucleation principle into the fabrication process of perovskite films, and add formamidine lead iodine nanocrystal into the alkane to form a functionalized antisolvent as the heteronucleation site of perovskite films to reduce the phase transition energy barrier and promote the phase transition of formamidine lead iodine perovskite from δ phase to α phase, so as to obtain high orientation and crystallinity perovskite films. 　　However, the above method can easily lead to the enrichment of oleic acid and oleamine long-chain ligands on the surface of the perovskite film, which are the capping ligands on the surface of formamidine lead iodine nanocrystal. In view of this problem, we selected isopropanol solution of lead acetate for interfacial passivation treatment of the film, in which the isopropanol solvent is used to clean the surface-enriched ligands and the lead acetate solute is used to neutralize the excess formamidine on the surface. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the treated devices has reached 21.76 %, in which the open circuit voltage is 1.08 V, the short circuit current density is 25.31 mA·cm-2 , and the fill factor is 79.61 %. The optimized device still maintains 95 % of the initial performance after 800 h storage in ambient air. 　　This work has effectively solved the problems of phase transition and phase stability of the perovskite materials in this system, and has promoted its development and application.
关键词	钙钛矿太阳能电池甲脒铅碘纳米晶体异质形核界面调控
其他关键词	Perovskite Solar Cells Formamidine Lead Iodine Nanocrystals Heteronucleation Interfacial Modulation
语种	中文
培养类别	独立培养
入学年份	2021
学位授予年份	2024-07
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所在学位评定分委会	材料科学与工程
国内图书分类号	TM914.4
来源库	人工提交
成果类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://sustech.caswiz.com/handle/2SGJ60CL/765915
专题	南方科技大学工学院_材料科学与工程系
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王嘉峰. 基于纳米晶增强反溶剂法的纯相甲脒铅碘钙钛矿电池研究[D]. 深圳. 南方科技大学,2024.

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