双噻吩酰亚胺基n型有机电化学晶体管的制备与应用

有机电化学晶体管是一种电解质门控晶体管，具有低工作电压、高跨导、和优异的生物相容性。相比于基于p型聚合物的有机电化学晶体管，基于n型聚合物的有机电化学晶体管器件性能大大滞后，限制了有机电化学晶体管生物应用的发展，因此，需要在材料结构的设计、合成，以及器件的制备和优化方面进行进一步研究。
研究表明，乙二醇侧链可促进离子传输，提高共轭聚合物离子、电子混合导体性能。但乙二醇侧链尺寸对电子传输型离子电子混合半导体的性能影响机制尚未明确，本研究设计合成了三种乙二醇侧链尺寸不同的n型聚合物，通过器件测试和材料表征，探究乙二醇侧链尺寸对器件性能的影响。这有助于理解和改善共轭聚合物在有机电子器件中的性能。
为进一步提高电子离子混合导体的性能，采用硒酚取代策略开发出新的电子传输型n型高分子半导体材料。与噻吩基聚合物相比，硒酚取代的聚合物具有更广泛的电子离域和更强的非共价相互作用，同时降低了最低未占有分子轨道能级。基于硒酚取代策略，成功制备出了至今性能最优的n型离子电子混合高分子半导体。
基于硒酚取代策略制备的高性能高分子在有机电化学晶体管中展现出优异的离子和电子传输性能以及出色的稳定性，展现出在生物电子领域的应用潜力。利用铂纳米颗粒/聚苯胺水凝胶/葡萄糖氧化酶修饰的铂电极作为有机电化学晶体管的栅极电极，成功检测到10 nM的葡萄糖浓度，并展现出高度选择性，验证了该n型高分子在生物传感应用中的潜力。

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