南方科技大学知识苑(SUSTech KC): 核酸-有机发光分子杂化探针的合成及细胞传感成像应用

题名	核酸-有机发光分子杂化探针的合成及细胞传感成像应用
其他题名	SYNTHESIS AND BIOSENSOR APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEIC ACID- ORGANIC FLUORESCENCE MOLECULE HYBRID PROBES
姓名	罗浩雯
姓名拼音	LUO Haowen
学号	12232098
学位类型	硕士
学位专业	0856 材料与化工
学科门类/专业学位类别	08 工学
导师	田雷蕾
导师单位	材料科学与工程系
论文答辩日期	2024-05-14
论文提交日期	2024-06-28
学位授予单位	南方科技大学
学位授予地点	深圳
摘要	荧光探针作为一种可以在生物体内实时检测光学信号的材料，在生物医药领域中发挥着重要作用。其中，有机荧光 π 共轭材料具有合成简单、易于修饰和出色的光捕获能力等优点，是一类主要的荧光探针材料。但有机 π 共轭材料在生物成像和传感的应用中存在着水溶性差和缺乏靶标识别性等问题。核酸材料作为一种具有广泛生物靶向性、可编码性和刺激响应性的生物大分子，不但已可通过人工合成获得并且可对其进行丰富的化学修饰，使核酸分子成为极好的 π 共轭材料生物功能化分子。因此，本文将核酸分子和有机共轭荧光材料共价接枝合成新型杂化材料，成功提升共轭材料的亲水性和目标靶向性，这一策略为荧光有机共轭材料的化学结构改进和生物应用提供了新的思路。本研究成功合成了两种含有叠氮基团的聚苯撑乙烯聚合物，叠氮官能团分别修饰于聚合物主链末端及侧链上。通过铜催化“点击”反应将核酸分子与聚合物偶联合成双亲性嵌段聚合物和双亲性接枝聚合物两种分子构型的产物。进一步采取溶剂置换法及纳米沉淀的方法制备两种对应的具备 π共轭聚合物疏水核心及 DNA 亲水壳层的纳米粒子。研究结果表明，相较于接枝聚合物形成的纳米粒子，嵌段聚合物形成的纳米粒子具有更小的粒径和更高的荧光发射强度。在细胞成像实验中，两种纳米粒子可实现对目标mRNA 的准确检测，其中嵌段聚合物纳米粒子成像具有更高的信噪比和分辨率，展现出在生物成像和分析领域巨大的应用潜力。另外，我们将有机 π 共轭分子卟啉（TPP）和核酸分子共价接枝，合成了一种新型的 pH 响应荧光杂化探针（TPP-DNA）。这种探针在碱性及中性条件下可单分散于水相中，酸性条件引发卟啉 J 聚集状态，因此卟啉的荧光发射随着 pH 的酸化而增强。同时，我们发现 DNA 不但能有效提升卟啉分子的亲水性，其碱基序列的长度和组成可以有效地调控卟啉发生 J 聚集的pH 范围及对 pH 响应的敏感度，使 TPP-DNA 成为一类生物相容且可以有序调控的 pH 探针。我们利用 TPP-DNA 探针有效探测细胞内体的成熟过程，为溶酶体相关疾病研究方向增添一种可选择的工具，为 pH 相关的疾病检测与监控提供了一类有效的新型探针材料。
其他摘要	Fluorescent probes are important materials in the biomedical field. They are used for real-time bioimaging and diagnosis. Fluorescent organic π-conjugated materials are one of the most widely investigated fluorescent probe materials. They have many advantages, such as simple synthesis, easy modification, and excellent light-harvesting ability. However, they suffer from low aqueous solubility and lack specific target recognition in practical bio-imaging and sensing applications. Functional nucleic acids are molecules with broad biological recognition capability, programmability, and stimuli-responsive properties. They can be synthesized in labs and adapted to a variety of chemical modification methods. Therefore, nucleic acids are ideal candidates for functionalizing π-conjugated materials. This thesis conjugated nucleic acids with π-conjugated fluorescent materials. The nucleic acid functionalization not only successfully enhanced the biocompatibility of π-conjugated materials but also improved their bio-recognition capability. This strategy provides a novel idea for developing new kinds of fluorescence probes for bio-sensing and bio-imaging applications. In this research, two types of polyphenylene vinylene (PPV) polymers were successfully synthesized. These polymers had different azide-modification positions, with azide functional groups modified either at the end of the polymer's main chain or on the side chains. Functional nuclei acids were then conjugated to the two PPV polymers using a cooper-catalyzed click reaction, which resulted in the formation of two types of copolymers: amphiphilic block copolymer PPV-b-DNA and amphiphilic graft copolymer PPV-g-DNA. These copolymers were further transferred into water media and self-assembled into nanoparticles using the nanoprecipitation method. The results showed that nanoparticles formed by PPV-b-DNA had smaller particle sizes and stronger fluorescence emission compared to those formed by PPV-g-DNA. In cell imaging experiments, both nanoparticles can achieve accurate detection of target mRNA. PPV-b-DNA imaging has a large S/N ratio, high resolution and richer details, showing great application potential in the field of biological imaging and analysis. In addition, we created a new fluorescent probe called TPP-DNA by combining a single-stranded nucleic acid sequence with porphyrin. TPP-DNA exists as a uniform solution in water under base or neutral conditions. However, in acidic conditions, TPP-DNA aggregates due to the J-aggregation of porphyrin, resulting in changes in fluorescence signals. We noticed that the pH recognition range and sensitivity of the TPP-DNA probe can be adjusted by modifying the DNA sequence length and composition. We successfully detected the maturation process of endosomes using TPP-DNA probes. Therefore, this pH-responsive probe can be used to investigate lysosome-associated diseases and might be a useful tool for pH-associated disease detection and monitoring.
关键词	核酸 Π共轭材料荧光探针细胞成像细胞传感
其他关键词	Nucleic Acids Π-conjugated Materials Fluorescence Probe Biomaging Biosensing
语种	中文
培养类别	独立培养
入学年份	2022
学位授予年份	2024-06
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所在学位评定分委会	材料与化工
国内图书分类号	TQ617.3
来源库	人工提交
成果类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://sustech.caswiz.com/handle/2SGJ60CL/766234
专题	工学院_材料科学与工程系
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	罗浩雯. 核酸-有机发光分子杂化探针的合成及细胞传感成像应用[D]. 深圳. 南方科技大学,2024.

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