具备交叉校准功能的铵离子传感集成系统

在临床医学中，体液中铵离子的浓度监测对于肝功能障碍患者具有重 要意义。目前，铵离子监测主要依赖侵入式血液采集，并由专业复杂设备 进行检测，时间长、成本高，且无法满足实时、连续监测的需求。因此， 开发便携铵离子监测系统对于相关临床疾病的患者日常监测具有重要性及 必要性。本文提出了一种具有交叉校准功能的无线传感系统用于体液铵离 子浓度的监测。所制备的铵离子传感器在 10 μM 到 100 mM 的超宽范围内 具备 58.7 mV/decade 的灵敏度，能兼容血液以及汗液、唾液和尿液等多种 非侵入式采集的体液中铵离子浓度的监测需求。同时，针对研究中发现钾 离子对铵离子监测的干扰，通过钾、铵离子传感器阵列的交叉校准，提升 了铵监测的准确性。此外，基于传感阵列信号特性，设计了信号处理、无 线传输与显示系统的硬件电路与软件，实现了铵离子的便携式连续、实时 监测。在此基础上，通过体外模拟体液和动物体内安全性的实验，进一步 验证了传感阵列的生物相容性要求。与标准测试结果对比，所制备的传感 系统对小鼠血清和人体汗液、唾液、尿液等体液中铵离子浓度的检测平均 误差小于 20%。本文实现的具有超宽线性范围、可交叉校准的铵离子传感 监测系统有望应用于便携式生理标志物分析。

In clinical practice, the monitoring of ammonium (NH4 + ) level in body fluids holds great importance for patients with liver dysfunction. However, current methods mainly rely on invasive blood sampling and complicated laboratory apparatus, which are time-consuming and expensive, rendering them less practical for real-time and continuous monitoring. Therefore, it is critical and necessary to develop portable systems for real-time and continuous NH4 + sensing to fulfill patient daily monitoring. This study proposed a wireless sensing system with cross-calibration for the NH4 + levels monitoring in various body fluids. The optimized NH4 + sensors exhibit a wide linear response range of 10 μM -100 mM with a sensitivity of 58.7 mV/decade. The sensors provide excellent compatibility for blood and other fluids that can be collected non-invasively, such as sweat, saliva and urine. Me a n w hil e , t o t a c kl e t he is su e o f po t a ssi um (K+ ) int e r fe r e n ce , th e s e nso r s a r r ay fo r K + a nd NH4 + d e te c tio ns wit h c r ossc ali b r ati on wa s d ev e lo pe d to en h a nc e d th e s e nsi ng ac c u r ac y. Additionally, the hardware circuit and software for the sensors array signals processing, wireless transmission, and display were designed to enable continuous real-time monitoring in the portable fashion. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the sensors array was validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. As a proof of concept, the sensing system was utilized to assess NH4 + concentrations in the mice serum, as well as in a variety of body fluids such as human sweat, saliva, urine and etc. These assessments show in the average errors lower than 20%, compared to analytical results. The as-developed NH4 + sensing system with ultrawide linear range and cross-calibrating capability shows promising applications in portable biomarker analysis.

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