基于安全编码和增量管理的 DNA 存储系统研发

In the current era of big data, DNA molecules emerge as cutting-edge information storage media, boasting outstanding characteristics such as exceptional storage density, ultra-long lifespan, and minimal energy consumption, which significantly surpass traditional physical storage media, making them highly remarkable. DNA storage technology has been regarded as an effective solution to the future bottleneck of large-scale data storage. This technology utilizes the ordered arrangement of base pairs in DNA molecules to carry digital information, marking a profound convergence of synthetic biology and modern computer storage technology.

However, despite the enormous potential of DNA storage, its exploration in the field of information security remains insufficient at present. There is currently a lack of a universally applicable and coding-compliant encryption method specifically designed for DNA storage. Additionally, its support for multi-user information editing operations is still inadequate, and a highly sophisticated and practical secure storage architecture suitable for team collaboration and actual deployment has not yet been established. Therefore, this research focuses on the urgent need to enrich the field of DNA storage information security and aims to fill the research gap therein.

Addressing the lack of suitable encryption methods in the DNA storage domain, which affects its information security, this paper proposes a DNA encryption coding method that combines chaotic system encryption with fountain code encoding. The DNA sequences generated by this method not only meet the requirements of DNA storage in terms of information density, biological constraints, and error correction performance but also possess the capability to resist various cryptographic attacks, ensuring the security of stored data.

To further enhance security and optimize information management efficiency, addressing the core issues of high complexity in multi-party editing, low processing efficiency, and high economic costs in current DNA storage data management, this paper proposes an information incremental management method tailored for secure DNA storage. Building upon the aforementioned DNA encryption coding method, this paper designs a hybrid encryption method suitable for multi-user environments by introducing asymmetric encryption algorithms. Furthermore, it innovatively constructs a DNA incremental storage model that does not require gene editing to achieve secure, flexible editing, and management of DNA storage information.

Based on theoretical research, this paper further implements the development of a concise and practical DNA storage system prototype based on secure coding and incremental management mechanisms. This system integrates the aforementioned methods, realizing multiple core data processing functions of DNA storage processes, effectively meeting the practical requirements for information security editing and management in multi-user environments, and also presents the operational results of the system through visualization means, validating the system's excellent performance and user experience in online applications.

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