碳纤维复合材料加固预应力钢筒混凝土管力学性能研究

   预应力钢筒混凝土管（prestressed concrete cylinder pipe，简称PCCP）是一种由混凝土管芯、钢筒、预应力钢丝和砂浆保护层构成的大口径输水管。PCCP在腐蚀介质中服役一定年限后，易出现“断丝”现象，进而降低管道承载力，影响管线周边人和建筑物的安全。由于钢丝在PCCP中的重要作用，研究断丝后预应力钢丝和砂浆之间界面应力传递机理，对断丝PCCP力学行为评估具有重要意义。碳纤维复合材料（carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites，简称CFRP）内衬加固PCCP作为一种非开挖修复方法，具有施工周期短与耐腐蚀等优点，被广泛应用于PCCP的加固工程中。CFRP内衬加固PCCP的力学行为与承载力分析是其结构设计的关键问题。目前，断丝后预应力钢丝和砂浆之间界面应力传递机理仍不清晰，断丝PCCP和CFRP内衬加固断丝PCCP承载力分析不够深入，严重影响PCCP安全评估和结构加固设计的可靠性。

   本文采用理论分析和数值仿真的方法，系统研究了完好PCCP、断丝PCCP与CFRP内衬加固PCCP在三边支撑荷载和内压作用下的力学行为；解释了断丝后预应力钢丝和砂浆之间界面应力传递机理；提出了CFRP内衬加固断丝PCCP内压承载力简化计算模型，为CFRP内衬加固PCCP的结构设计提供理论基础。本文的主要研究工作和成果如下：

   建立了完好PCCP和CFRP内衬加固PCCP在三边支撑荷载作用下的力学理论分析模型，得到了管顶位移、剥离荷载和极限承载力的计算公式，并采用有限元分析和已有试验数据验证了其准确性；在此基础上，分析了预应力水平、混凝土抗压强度和钢筒径厚比等参数对承载力的影响规律，揭示了CFRP内衬加固PCCP在三边支撑荷载作用下的破坏机理以及CFRP-PCCP界面剥离机理。

   构建了内压作用下CFRP内衬加固PCCP多层圆环模型，提出了界面压力和极限内压承载力的计算公式，理论计算得到的应力和应变与有限元和试验结果吻合良好；研究了混凝土管芯厚度、CFRP厚度和钢筒厚度等参数对内压承载力的影响规律，深入分析了CFRP内衬加固PCCP在内压作用下的破坏机理以及负压作用下CFRP-PCCP的界面剥离机理。

   基于剪滞模型，建立了断丝后钢丝和砂浆之间应力传递的力学理论分析模型，得到了预应力钢丝-砂浆界面切应力、滑移量、预应力损失范围与钢丝轴向应力的计算公式，并采用有限元分析方法验证了理论计算结果的准确性。研究了钢丝直径、预应力水平等对断丝后预应力钢丝界面切应力与轴向应力分布规律的影响，分析了预应力钢丝断丝后预应力钢丝和砂浆之间应力传递机理。

   采用Python语言编写的脚本在ABAQUS中建立了断丝PCCP和CFRP内衬加固断丝PCCP的参数化有限元模型，节省了建模的时间。通过有限元分析得到的混凝土管芯应变、CFRP应变、钢筒应变与已有试验结果吻合良好。采用参数化有限元模型计算了断丝PCCP的内压承载力，得到了管径和断丝范围对PCCP内压承载力的影响规律，并提出了断丝PCCP内压承载力简化计算模型。基于此模型构建了CFRP内衬加固断丝PCCP的内压承载力简化计算模型。

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